A small treasure trove discovered near the ruins of Emperor Nero’s theater highlight the medieval Rome’s diversity. Near the Vatican’s Palazzo della Rovere garden, archaeologists recently uncovered 20 Anglo-Saxon coins dating back to the 10th century—a period that saw a large enough influx of pilgrims and immigrants to establish a “Little England” within the ancient capital city.
The Roman empire first extended into Britain during the 1st century CE, and would ultimately oversee it for roughly the next 400 years. But even after withdrawing from the region in 410 CE, Rome secured a longstanding relationship with its former province thanks to Pope Gregory I’s mission to England during the late 6th century.
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