The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) are beset on three sides. They face pressure from the Damascus government while working to preserve the freedoms of Kurds, Christians, and other minorities living in Rojava, even as they contend with the reactivation of ISIS cells and ongoing attacks by Turkish-backed groups.
The Syrian Democratic Forces released a report accusing Turkey of widespread violations and war crimes in the Kurdish-led autonomous region of Rojava in north and eastern Syria during the first half of 2024. According to the SDF, Turkish forces carried out sustained attacks using UAVs, warplanes, artillery, and heavy weapons across multiple areas, including Qamishlo, Kobani, Manbij, Ain Issa, Derik, Afrin, and al-Shahba’a, targeting civilian neighborhoods as well as critical infrastructure.
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